Morphology of Flowering Plants

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Generally, sepals are green, leaf-like and protect the flower in the bud

stage.

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The calyx may be gamosepalous (sepals united) or polysepalous

(sepals free).

B. ÇØRØLLÅ

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It is the whorl inner to calyx. It is composed of petals.

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Petals have bright colour to attract insects for pollination.

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Corolla may be gamopetalous (petals united) or

polypetalous (petals free).

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Shape and colour of corolla vary in plants. Corolla may be tubular, bell-

shaped, funnel-shaped or wheel-shaped.

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The mode of arrangement of sepals and petals in floral bud is called

aestivation.

3. TÝPËS ØF ÅËSTÏVÅTÏØÑ

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Valvate: Sepals or petals

in a whorl just touch one

another at the margin,

without overlapping. E.g.

Calotropis.

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Twisted: One margin of

the appendage overlaps

that of the next one and

so on. E.g. China rose,

lady’s finger & cotton.

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Imbricate:

Margins

of

sepals or petals overlap

one another but not in any particular direction. E.g. Cassia & Gulmohur.

(NEET 2014)

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Vexillary (papilionaceous): In pea & bean flowers, there are five petals;

the largest (standard) overlaps the two lateral petals (wings) which in

turn overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel). (NEET 2016)

Ç. ÅÑDRØËÇÏÜM

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The male reproductive part is composed of stamens.

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Each stamen represents the male reproductive organ. It

consists of a stalk (filament) and an anther.

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Each anther is usually bilobed. Each lobe has 2 chambers,

the pollen-sacs.

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The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs.

Valvate

Imbricate

Types of aestivation in corolla

Twisted

Vexillary

Corolla

Androecium